Battery holder, power transfer device, electric vehicle and installation method for power transfer device

ABSTRACT

Provided are a battery holder, a power transfer device, an electric vehicle and an installation method for electric vehicle. The battery holder includes a fixing bracket, the fixing bracket has an upper-position accommodation cavity, an upper-position sensor is arranged in the upper-position accommodation cavity, the upper-position sensor is used for detecting the supporting portion of the battery pack, so as to determine whether the battery pack has been installed in place relative to the battery holder in the height direction of the electric vehicle; and/or, the fixing bracket has a front-position accommodation cavity, a front-position sensor is arranged in the front-position accommodation cavity, the front-position sensor is used to detect the supporting portion of the battery pack, so as to determine whether the battery pack is installed in place relative to the battery holder in the length direction of the electric vehicle.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a Continuation application of U.S. application Ser.No. 16/958,763 filed on Oct. 20, 2021, which is a National Stage of PCTApplication No. PCT/CN2018/125679, filed on Dec. 29, 2018, whichrequests the priority of the Chinese patent application with theapplication date of Dec. 29, 2017 and the application number ofCN201711482966.3 and CN201711486896.9. This application refers to thefull text of the above-mentioned Chinese patent application.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, inparticularly relates to a battery holder, a power transfer device, anelectric vehicle and installation method for electric vehicle.

BACKGROUND

The existing battery pack installation methods of electric vehicles aregenerally divided into fixed type and replaceable type, in which thefixed battery pack is generally fixed on the vehicle, and the vehicle isdirectly used as the charging object during charging. The replaceablebattery pack is usually installed in a movable way, the battery pack canbe removed and replaced at any time.

In the process of replacing a new battery pack, it involves locking andunlocking the battery pack. Generally speaking, the left and right sidesof the battery pack are equipped with locking shafts; the lock mechanismis fixed on the battery pack holder to assemble into a power transferdevice, and the power transfer device is installed on the chassis of theelectric vehicle; the locking shaft and the lock mechanism cooperate torealize the locking of the battery pack.

However, the above structural form has the following defects: only alocking mechanism matched with the locking shaft of the battery pack isarranged on the fixed bracket, and the weight of the battery pack isconcentrated on the locking mechanism of the fixed bracket, resulting inthe stress concentration of the lock mechanism, the service life of thelock mechanism is low, and the connection strength of the battery packand the fixed bracket is low.

In the process of replacing a new battery pack, the electricalconnection device is also involved. The lock mechanism not only affectsthe connection between the battery pack and the battery pack holder, butalso affects the reliability of the electrical connection between thebattery pack and the electrical connection device.

However, in the prior art, the lock mechanism and the electricalconnecting device are arranged independently, the lock mechanism mighthave locked the battery pack in place, while the reliable electricalconnection between the battery pack and the electrical connection deviceis not achieved, or the battery pack and the electrical connectiondevice are connected reliably, but the battery pack is not locked inplace. That is to say, it is difficult to realize the synchronousfunction of the lock mechanism and the electrical connection device inthe prior art, and it is easy to affect the efficiency and reliabilityof the power exchange.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is toovercome the defects in the prior art and provide a power transferdevice and an installation method thereof.

The present invention solves the technical problem by the followingtechnical scheme:

A battery holder, for being mounted on the body of an electric vehicleto fix a battery pack, the battery holder comprises a fixing bracket anda lock mechanism, the lock mechanism is fixed on the fixing bracket, thebattery holder further comprises:

a plurality of supporting devices, the supporting device is fixed on oneside of the fixing bracket facing the battery pack, and the plurality ofsupporting devices provide a plurality of support points to support thebattery pack.

In the present scheme, on the basis of matching the lock mechanism withthe locking shaft to realize the locking of the battery pack, aplurality of supporting portions are arranged on the battery pack, andthe plurality of supporting devices for supporting the supportingportions are arranged on the fixing bracket, the weight of the batterypack can be simultaneously distributed on the plurality of supportingdevices and the lock mechanism, the force is more evenly distributed onthe fixing bracket, the force applied by the battery pack to the lockmechanism is reduced, the force concentration of the lock mechanism onthe fixing bracket is prevented, the service life of the lock mechanismis improved, so as to improve safety performance, and improve theconnection strength between the battery pack assembly and the batteryholder. In addition, the structure of battery holder is simple andproduction cost is low, at the same time, over positioning is avoided,thus reducing the risk that the lock mechanism cannot be unlocked.

Preferably, the lock mechanism includes a locking base, the locking baseis provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, theopening is used for the locking shaft installed on the battery pack toenter the cavity; the supporting device is provided with a supportinggroove, a lower surface of the supporting groove is in the same planewith a lower surface of the cavity.

In the present scheme, the lower surface of the supporting groove andthe lower surface of the cavity of the lock mechanism are in the sameplane, so that the battery pack can be more firmly fixed in the fixingbracket, so that the battery pack can be stably moved.

Preferably, the supporting device is provided with a supporting groove;the supporting device comprises a supporting base, the supporting baseis provided with a supporting opening and a supporting groove whichextends from the supporting opening, and the supporting opening is usedfor a supporting portion mounted on the battery pack to enter thesupporting groove.

In the present scheme, when the locking shaft enters the lock mechanism,the supporting portion of the battery pack enters the supporting grooveof the battery holder, and at the same time when the locking is inplace, the supporting portion is further pressed in the supportinggroove of the supporting base, so that the battery pack can be morefirmly fixed in the fixing bracket.

Preferably, the fixing bracket has an upper-position accommodationcavity, the upper-position accommodation cavity is located above thesupporting opening, an upper-position sensor is arranged in theupper-position accommodation cavity, the upper-position sensor is usedfor detecting whether the supporting portion of the battery pack haspassed through the supporting opening;

and/or, the fixing bracket has a front-position accommodation cavity,the front-position accommodation cavity is located at the front end ofthe supporting groove, a front-position sensor is arranged in thefront-position accommodation cavity, the front-position sensor is usedto detect whether the supporting portion of the battery pack has entereda front end of the supporting groove.

In the present scheme, the upper-position sensor detects whether thesupporting portion of the battery pack has passed through the supportingopening, so as to determine whether the battery pack has been installedin place relative to the battery holder in the height direction of theelectric vehicle; the front-position sensor detect whether thesupporting portion of the battery pack has entered the front end of thesupporting groove, thus, it can be determined whether the battery packis installed in place relative to the battery holder in the lengthdirection of the electric vehicle, so that the electric vehicle can beensure to be driven under the condition that the battery pack isinstalled in place and improve the safety of the electric vehicle.

Preferably, the supporting device further comprises an elastic part, theelastic part is at least partially located in the supporting groove, andthe elastic part is used for butting the supporting portion of thebattery pack. In the present scheme, the elastic part is not necessaryto be in contact with the support, but once in contact, the rigid impactbetween the supporting portion and the supporting base can be prevented.

Preferably, the elastic part comprises an elastic pad, an elastic handleand an elastic head connected in sequence; the elastic pad is located inthe supporting groove, the elastic pad is used for abutting against thesupporting portion of the battery pack; the elastic handle passesthrough the supporting base, and a wall portion of the supporting baseis clamped between the elastic pad and the elastic head. In the presentscheme, in this way, the entire elastic part can be stably installed onthe supporting base.

Preferably, the supporting base is provided with a locating hole, thesupporting device further includes a dowel pin, the dowel pin ispartially located outside the locating hole, and the dowel pin is ininterference fit with the locating hole;

and/or, the supporting base is provided with a mounting hole, themounting hole is a threaded hole, the supporting base can be detachablyconnected to the fixing bracket through the mounting hole;

and/or, the supporting opening is a bell mouth.

In the present scheme, the dowel pin is partially located outside thelocating hole, and the dowel pin is in interference fit with thelocating hole, when the supporting device is installed on the fixingbracket, the dowel pin can be used for positioning. The mounting hole isa threaded hole, threaded fasteners can be threaded through the mountingholes to mount the supporting device to the fixing bracket. Thesupporting opening is a bell mouth, which is convenient for thesupporting portion to enter the supporting groove.

Preferably, the plurality of supporting devices are distributed on bothsides of the fixing bracket in the length direction of the fixingbracket. In the present scheme, the above structural setting mode isadopted, the battery pack can be installed on the battery holder moresmoothly. Preferably, the numbers of supporting devices respectivelylocated on both sides of the fixing bracket are the same, and thesupporting devices arranged on both sides of the fixing bracket areone-to-one corresponding and relatively arranged. Preferably, both sidesof the fixing bracket in the length direction of the fixing bracket areprovided with the lock mechanisms, the supporting device and the lockmechanism which are on the same side are arranged at intervals.Preferably, in the supporting devices and the lock mechanisms which areon the same side, and in the length direction of the fixing bracket, thesupporting devices are distributed at both ends of the fixing bracket,the lock mechanisms are located in the middle part of the fixingbracket.

Preferably, at the length direction of the fixing bracket, both sides ofthe fixing bracket are arranged with two lock mechanisms, the two lockmechanisms on the same side of the fixing bracket are arranged atintervals, and are respectively a primary lock mechanism and a secondarylock mechanism. In the present scheme, the secondary lock mechanism canprovide a secondary locking function or a locking protection functionfor the battery pack, when the primary lock mechanism fails, it is usedto prevent the battery pack from falling and improve the safetyperformance.

Preferably, the primary lock mechanism comprises a locking link, atleast one primary locking tongue and at least one primary locking base,the primary locking base is fixed on the fixing bracket, the primarylocking base is provided with a primary opening and a primary cavityextending from the primary opening, the primary opening is used for theprimary locking shaft installed on the battery pack to enter the primarycavity, the locking link is rotatably connected with the at least oneprimary locking tongue, the locking link is used to drive the primarylocking tongue to rotate under the action of external force, so that theprimary locking tongue can rotate relative to the primary locking baseto change between a primary unlocking state and a primary locking state,when the primary locking tongue is in the primary locking state, theprimary locking tongue can prevent the primary locking shaft fromleaving the primary cavity from the primary opening;

and/or, the secondary lock mechanism comprises:

a secondary locking base, the secondary locking base is fixed on thefixing bracket, the secondary locking base is provided with a secondaryopening and a secondary cavity extending from the secondary opening, thesecondary opening is used for the secondary locking shaft installed onthe battery pack to enter the secondary cavity;

a secondary locking tongue, the secondary locking tongue can rotaterelative to the secondary locking base to change between an unlockingstate and a locking state, the secondary locking tongue includes asecondary locking tongue body and a secondary locking tongue extensionportion which are fixedly connected, the secondary locking tongueextension portion is on the outside of the secondary locking base, whenthe secondary locking tongue is in the locking state, the secondarylocking tongue body can prevent the secondary locking shaft from leavingthe secondary cavity from the secondary opening; and,

a secondary reset part, the secondary reset part is arranged on thesecondary locking base, and the secondary reset part acts on thesecondary locking tongue, the secondary reset part is able to beelastically deformed, the secondary reset part is used to rotate thesecondary locking tongue in a locking direction to reset from theunlocking state to the locking state.

In the present scheme, in the secondary lock mechanism, by setting thesecondary reset part, it is convenient for the secondary locking tongueto reset from the unlocking state to the locking state, making thebattery pack easy to install and lock, in addition, under the action ofthe secondary reset part, the secondary locking tongue will not easilychange to the unlocking state and the locking is more reliable; thesecondary locking tongue extension portion is arranged outside thesecondary locking base, which can realize the rotation of the secondarylocking tongue body by acting on the secondary locking tongue extensionportion, and it is convenient for unlocking.

Preferably, the fixing bracket comprises a frame and a temporaryconnector, one side of the frame in the width direction of the fixingbracket has a bracket opening, and the temporary connector is detachablyconnected to the portions at the two ends of the bracket opening in theframe, and is covered the bracket opening or in the bracket opening;

and/or, the battery holder further includes a quick-change sensor, thequick-change sensor is arranged on the fixing bracket, the quick-changesensor is used to detect the position signal of a power transferequipment and transmit the position signal to a controller.

In the present scheme, the temporary connector is detachably connectedto the portions in the frame at both ends of the bracket opening, whenthe battery pack and the battery holder are installed to the electricvehicle, the temporary connector can be removed, which is beneficial toreducing the weight of the electric vehicle.

The quick-change sensor is a force off high-voltage sensor, which candetect the position signal of the power transfer equipment. When thepower transfer equipment has reached the preset setting, thequick-change sensor transmits the detected signal to the controller, soas to perform a power off operation on the battery pack, and to ensurethat the battery pack is replaced in the case of power failure andimprove its safety performance.

The present invention further provides a power transfer device,characterized in that the power transfer device includes the batteryholder as described above, the fixing bracket forms a battery packcontainment cavity for containing the battery pack, two sides of thebattery pack are provided with locking shafts, and the lock mechanism isfixed on two sides of the battery pack containment cavity, the powertransfer device further comprises:

a electrical connector of the vehicle side, the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side is arranged in the battery pack containment cavity, andthe electrical connector of the vehicle side faces the electricalconnector of the battery side of the battery pack, both of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side and the electrical connector ofthe battery side have a plurality of corresponding poles;

wherein when the locking shaft of the battery pack rises in place in thelock mechanism along the height direction of the battery pack, thedistance between the locking shaft and the lock point along the lengthof the battery pack in the lock mechanism is greater than the gapbetween the electrical connector of the battery side and the electricalconnector of the vehicle side along the length direction of the batterypack;

when the locking shaft reaches the locking point of the lock mechanism,the pole of the electrical connector of the battery side is abuttingagainst the pole of the electrical connector of the vehicle side.

In the present scheme, when the locking shaft of the battery pack islocked in place in the lock mechanism, the electrical connector of thebattery side can be reliably connected with the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side, so as to improve the reliability and efficiency ofelectric vehicle power exchange by using the power transfer device.

Preferably, the distance between the locking shaft and the lock pointalong the length of the battery pack in the lock mechanism is called afirst distance, and the gap between a high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the battery side and a high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side along the length direction ofthe battery pack is called a second distance;

the height of the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thevehicle side is lower than the height of the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side, and the height differencebetween the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the vehicleside and the high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thevehicle side is less than or equal to the difference between the firstdistance and the second distance;

or, the height of the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector ofthe battery side is lower than the height of the high-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the battery side, and the height differencebetween the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the batteryside and the high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thebattery side is less than or equal to the difference between the firstdistance and the second distance.

In the present scheme, the relationship between the height differenceand the difference makes the high voltage first connected and the lowvoltage second connected when the electrical connector of the vehicleside is connected with the electrical connector of the battery side. Aslong as the low voltage contacts, the contactor control switch in thebattery pack can output the high voltage. In addition, when theconnection between the electrical connector of the vehicle side and theelectrical connector of the battery side is disconnected, thelow-voltage firstly disconnects to control the high-voltagedisconnection, so as to prevent the pole arcing sintering and otheradverse phenomena from happening due to the high-voltage not beingdisconnected.

Preferably, the range of height difference between the low-voltage poleof the electrical connector of the vehicle side and the high-voltagepole of the electrical connector of the vehicle side is 0-2 mm.

Preferably, the distance between the locking shaft and the lock pointalong the length of the battery pack in the lock mechanism is called thefirst distance, and the gap between a high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the battery side and a high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side along the length direction ofthe battery pack is called the second distance;

the height of the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thevehicle side is lower than the height of the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side, and the height of thelow-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the battery side islower than the height of the high-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the battery side;

the sum of the height difference between the low-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side and the high-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the vehicle side and the height differencebetween the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the batteryside and the high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thebattery side is less than or equal to the difference between the firstdistance and the second distance.

In the present scheme, the relationship between the height differenceand the difference makes that the high voltage is connected before thelow voltage second is connected when the electrical connector of thevehicle side is connected with the electrical connector of the batteryside. As long as the low voltage contacts, a contactor control switch inthe battery pack can output high voltage. In addition, when theconnection between the electrical connector of the vehicle side and theelectrical connector of the battery side is disconnected, thelow-voltage firstly disconnects the high-voltage, so as to prevent thepole arcing sintering and other adverse phenomena from happening due tothe high-voltage not being disconnected.

Preferably, the electrical connector of the vehicle side is used forfloating electric connection with the electrical connector of thebattery side;

preferably, the high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thevehicle side has an electrical contact end and a wiring terminal;

wherein the end face of the electrical contact end of the high-voltagepole is provided with a groove, the groove is concave inwards along theaxial direction of the high-voltage pole, the groove is embedded with aconductive elastic part, and the conductive elastic part protrudes froma contact surface of the electrical contact end; preferably, theconductive elastic part is a conductive spring.

Preferably, the lock mechanism includes a locking base, the locking baseis provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, theopening is used for the locking shaft to enter the cavity;

the battery pack holder is provided with an upper-position accommodatingcavity, the upper-position accommodating cavity is located above theopening, the upper-position accommodating cavity is provided with anupper-position sensor; the upper-position sensor is used to detectwhether the locking shaft has passed through the opening, and to detectwhether the locking shaft has risen in place in the lock mechanism alongthe height direction of the battery pack;

and/or, the battery pack holder is provided with a front-positionaccommodating cavity, the front-position accommodating cavity is locatedat the front end of the cavity, the front-position accommodating cavityis provided with a front-position sensor; the front-position sensor isused to detect whether the locking shaft has entered the front end ofthe cavity, and to detect whether the locking shaft has been locked inplace in the lock mechanism along the length direction of the batterypack.

In the present scheme, the upper-position sensor can detect whether thelocking shaft rises in place in the lock mechanism, the front-positionsensor can detect whether the locking shaft is locked in place in thefront end of the cavity and reaches the locking point, theupper-position sensor and the front-position sensor can improve thelocking reliability of the battery pack, which is conducive to improvingthe electricity connection of the electrical connector of the vehicleside and the electrical connector of the battery side, and further toimprove the reliability of the electric vehicle power exchange.

Preferably, both sides of the battery pack holder in the lengthdirection of the battery pack holder are provided with two of the lockmechanisms, and the two lock mechanisms on the same side of the batterypack holder are arranged at intervals, and the two lock mechanisms arerespectively a primary lock mechanism and a secondary lock mechanism;the electrical connector of the vehicle side is arranged on one sidewall of the battery pack holder along the width direction of the batterypack holder; wherein the length direction of the battery pack holder isparallel to the length direction of the battery pack.

In the present scheme, when the primary lock mechanism fails, thesecondary lock mechanism functions to lock the locking shaft of thebattery pack and prevent the battery pack from falling off, which isconducive to further improving the reliability of electric vehicle powerexchange.

Preferably, the power transfer device further includes a lockingprotection mechanism, the locking protection mechanism is fixed on theside opposite to the primary lock mechanism on the battery pack holder,and the locking protection mechanism is arranged on the moving path ofthe locking link to limit the movement of the locking link relative tothe primary locking base of the primary lock mechanism;

preferably, the locking protection mechanism can move between a firstposition and a second position relative to the locking link; whereinwhen the locking protection mechanism is in the first position, thelocking protection mechanism acts on the locking link to limit themovement of the locking link relative to the primary locking base; whenthe locking protection mechanism is in the second position, the lockingprotection mechanism is separated from the locking link to allow themovement of the locking link relative to the primary locking base.

In the present scheme, when the primary lock mechanism locks the lockingshaft, the locking protection mechanism can restrict the movement of thelocking link relative to the primary locking base, thereby improving thelocking effect of the primary lock mechanism, so that the primary lockmechanism can lock the locking shaft reliably. Furthermore, it isbeneficial to improve the reliability of electric vehicle.

Preferably, the locking protection mechanism includes:

a lower housing, the first lower housing can be detachably connected toa side opposite to the locking shaft in the primary locking base, theinner part of the first lower housing has a holding cavity, and the sidewall of the lower housing has a through hole communicated with theholding cavity;

a locking pin, the locking pin is located in the holding cavity, and thelocking pin is penetrated in the locking pin, and can switch between anextended state and a retracted state, wherein when the locking pin is inthe extended state, the locking pin is in the first position; when thelocking pin is in the retracted state, the locking pin is in the secondposition.

Preferably, the locking protection mechanism further includes: a drivingpin, the driving pin acts on the locking pin, and the driving pin canmove relative to the locking pin under an action of an external force tobe engaged with or separated from the locking pin; wherein when thedriving pin is separated from the locking pin, a force is applied to thelocking pin along the retraction direction to make the locking pin inthe retracted state; when the driving pin is engaged with the lockingpin, the locking pin is the extended state.

Preferably, the battery pack holder is further provided with a wireharness, the wire harness is used to transmit the upper-position signaldetected by the upper-position sensor and the front-position signaldetected by the front-position sensor to the power transfer equipment.

Preferably, the power transfer device further includes a plurality ofsupport structures, the plurality of support structures are fixed on oneside of the battery pack holder facing the battery pack, and theplurality of support structures are used to provide a plurality ofsupport points for supporting the battery pack;

preferably, the support structure includes:

a supporting base, the supporting base is provided with a supportingopening and a supporting groove extending from the supporting opening,the supporting opening is used for a support part installed on thebattery pack to enter the supporting groove;

preferably, the plurality of support structures are distributed on bothsides of the battery pack holder in the length direction of the batterypack holder, and the support structures arranged on the two sides of thebattery pack holder are one-to-one corresponding and relativelyarranged;

both sides of the battery pack holder in the length direction of thebattery pack holder are provided with the lock mechanisms, and thesupport structures and the lock mechanisms on the same side are intervalset.

In the present scheme, the supporting mechanism can support the batterypack, facilitate the installation of the battery pack and the batterypack holder, and improve the locking effect of the lock mechanism, so asto improve the power exchange reliability of the electric vehicle.

Preferably, the battery pack holder further includes a power exchangesensor, the power exchange sensor is arranged on the battery packholder, the power exchange sensor is used to sense the power transferequipment and to control the disconnection of the electrical connectionbetween the electrical connector of the vehicle side and the electricalconnector of the battery side.

In the present scheme, when the battery pack is removed from the batterypack holder by the power transfer equipment, the power exchange sensorcan disconnect the electric connection between the electrical connectorof the vehicle side and the electrical connector of the battery side, soas to protect the electric vehicle.

The present invention further provides an installation method of theabove-mentioned power transfer device, characterized in that theinstallation method for electric vehicle includes the following steps:

S1. install the battery pack from the bottom of the battery pack holderalong the height direction of the battery pack into the battery packholder until the locking shaft rises in place in the lock mechanismalong the height direction of the battery pack;

S2. move the battery pack forward along its length direction until thelocking shaft reaches the locking point in the lock mechanism along thelength direction of the battery pack.

The present invention further provides an electric vehicle, the electricvehicle includes a battery pack assembly, the battery pack assemblyincludes a battery pack and a locking shaft, the locking shaft ismounted on the battery pack, the electric vehicle further comprises thebattery holder as described above, the battery pack assembly is mountedon the battery holder, the locking shaft is located in the lockmechanism;

the battery pack assembly further includes a plurality of supportingportion, the plurality of supporting portion are mounted on the batterypack and are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality ofsupport devices, the supporting devices are used to support thesupporting portion correspondingly.

In the present scheme, the electric vehicle with the battery holder asabove, on the basis of assembling the lock mechanism and the lockingshaft to lock the battery pack, a plurality of the supporting portionsare mounted on the battery pack to match the plurality of supportingdevices on the fixing bracket, the weight of the battery pack can besimultaneously distributed on the plurality of supporting devices andthe lock mechanism, the force of the fixing bracket is more evenly, theforce applied by the battery pack to the lock mechanism is reduced, theforce concentration of the lock mechanism on the fixing bracket isprevented, the service life of the lock mechanism is improved, so as toimprove safety performance, and improve the connection strength betweenthe battery pack, battery pack assembly and the battery holder, so as toimprove the safety performance of the electric vehicle.

Preferably, the lock mechanism includes a locking base, the locking baseis provided with an opening and a cavity extending from the opening, theopening is used for the locking shaft to enter the cavity, the lockingshaft is mounted on the cavity;

the supporting device comprises a supporting base, the supporting baseis provided with a supporting opening and a supporting groove whichextends from the supporting opening, and the supporting opening is usedfor the supporting portion to enter the supporting groove;

the supporting portion includes a supporting shaft, the supporting shaftis pressed in the supporting base and located in the supporting groove.

In the present scheme, when the locking shaft enters the opening, thesupporting shaft enters the supporting opening, when the locking shaftenters the cavity of the lock mechanism, the supporting shaft of thebattery pack enters the supporting groove of the battery holder, andwhen the locking is in place, the supporting shaft is further pressed inthe supporting groove of the supporting base, so that the battery packcan be more firmly fixed in the fixing bracket.

Preferably, the supporting portion further includes a shaft sleeve, theshaft sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the supporting shaft. In thepresent scheme, the shaft sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the supportingshaft, so that the shaft sleeve can roll, thus ensuring multipleinstallation, reducing wear and improving the service life of thesupporting portion.

Preferably, the material of the shaft sleeve is elastic material;

and/or, the supporting portion further comprises a gasket, the gasket issleeved on the supporting shaft and pressed on one end of the shaftsleeve;

and/or, the supporting shaft comprises a shaft body and a flangeportion, the flange portion is coaxially arranged at one end of theshaft body, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the shaft body, the flangeportion is detachably connected to the battery pack.

Preferably, the supporting shaft is provided with an electromagneticinduction component, preferably, the electromagnetic induction componentis magnetic steel;

the fixing bracket has an upper-position accommodation cavity, theupper-position accommodation cavity is located above the supportingopening, an upper-position sensor is arranged in the upper-positionaccommodation cavity acts on the electromagnetic induction component todetect whether the supporting portion of the battery pack has passedthrough the supporting opening;

and/or, the fixing bracket has a front-position accommodation cavity,the front-position accommodation cavity is located at the front end ofthe supporting groove, a front-position sensor is arranged in thefront-position accommodation cavity, the front-position sensor acts onthe electromagnetic induction component to detect whether the supportingportion of the battery pack has entered the front end of the supportinggroove.

In the present scheme, the upper-position sensor acts on theelectromagnetic induction component to detect whether the supportingportion of the battery pack has passed through the supporting opening.Thus, it can be determined whether the battery pack is installed inplace relative to the battery holder in the height direction of theelectric vehicle.

The front-position sensor acts on the electromagnetic inductioncomponent to detect whether the supporting portion of the battery packhas entered the front end of the supporting groove. Thus, it can bejudged whether the battery pack is installed in place relative to thebattery holder in the length direction of the electric vehicle, so as toensure that the electric vehicle can drive when the battery pack isinstalled in place and improve the safety of the electric vehicle.

Preferably, one end of the supporting shaft far from the battery pack isprovided with a concave part, and the electromagnetic induction elementis located in the concave part, and the electromagnetic inductioncomponent is on the same plane with the two ends of the supporting shaftfar away from the battery pack.

Preferably, the supporting portion includes:

a supporting shaft, the supporting shaft is pressed in the supportingdevice;

a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is rotatably sleeved on the supportingshaft.

Preferably, the electric vehicle further includes a chassis, and thebattery holder is fixed on the chassis.

On the basis of meeting the general knowledge in the art, the abovepreferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain betterexamples of the invention.

The positive progress effect of the present invention lies in that:

The battery holder and the electric vehicle including the battery holderof the present invention, on the basis of matching the lock mechanismwith the locking shaft to realize the locking of the battery pack, theplurality of supporting portions are arranged on the battery pack, andthe plurality of supporting devices for supporting the supportingportions are arranged on the fixing bracket, the weight of the batterypack can be simultaneously distributed on the plurality of supportingdevices and the lock mechanism, the force is more evenly applied on thefixing bracket, the force applied by the battery pack to the lockmechanism is reduced, the force concentration of the lock mechanism onthe fixing bracket is prevented, the service life of the lock mechanismis improved, so as to improve safety performance, and improve theconnection strength between the battery pack assembly and the batteryholder. In addition, the structure of battery holder is simple andproduction cost is low, at the same time, over positioning is avoided,thus reducing the risk that the lock mechanism cannot be unlocked. Inthe power transfer device of the present invention, when the lockingshaft of the battery pack is locked in place in the lock mechanism, theelectrical connector of the battery side can be reliably connected withthe electrical connector of the vehicle side, so as to improve thereliability and power exchange efficiency of the electric vehicle usingthe power transfer device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective diagram of the battery holderaccording to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic diagram of the battery holder according tothe first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is another partial schematic diagram of the battery holderaccording to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein thepart coincides with FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structure diagram of the secondary lock mechanismof the battery holder according to the first embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structure diagram of the supporting device of thebattery holder according to the first embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective diagram of assembly of a battery packassembly and a battery holder of an electric vehicle according to thefirst embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective diagram of the battery pack assemblyof the electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the presentinvention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective diagram of the supporting portion ofthe battery pack assembly of the electric vehicle according to the firstembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic internal diagram of the supporting portion of thebattery pack assembly of the electric vehicle according to the firstembodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial schematic diagram of the power transfer deviceaccording to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is another partial schematic diagram of the power transferdevice according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic structure diagram of the primary lock mechanismof the power transfer device according to the second embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structure diagram of the secondary lock mechanismof the power transfer device according to the second embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional diagram of the locking protectionmechanism of the power transfer device according to the secondembodiment of the present invention, wherein the locking pin is in theextended state.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the lockingprotection mechanism of the power transfer device according to thesecond embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is another schematic sectional diagram of the locking protectionmechanism of the power transfer device according to the secondembodiment of the present invention, wherein the locking pin is in theretracted state.

FIG. 17 is a schematic structure diagram of the locking pin of thelocking protection mechanism according to the second embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic structure diagram of the driving pin of thelocking protection mechanism according to the second embodiment of thepresent invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic structure diagram of the support structure of thepower transfer device according to the second embodiment of the presentinvention.

Description of symbols in the Figures:

Embodiment 1

battery holder 10; fixing bracket 11; frame 110; bracket opening 111;temporary connector 112; primary lock mechanism 12; locking link 120;primary locking tongue 121; primary locking base 122; primary opening123; primary cavity 124; secondary lock mechanism 13; secondary lockingtongue 130; secondary locking tongue body 1300; secondary locking tongueextension portion 1301; secondary locking base 131; secondary opening132; secondary cavity 133; secondary reset part 134; supporting device14; supporting base 140; supporting opening 141; supporting groove 142;elastic part 143; elastic pad 1430; elastic head 1431; locating hole144; dowel pin 145; mounting hole 146; battery pack assembly 30; batterypack 31; primary locking shaft 32; secondary locking shaft 33;supporting portion 34; supporting shaft 340; shaft body 3400; flangeportion 3401; shaft sleeve 341; gasket 342; electromagnetic inductioncomponent 343; concave part 344; width direction of fixing bracket W;length direction of fixing bracket L

Embodiment 2

locking protection mechanism 10; first lower housing 101; first holdingcavity 1011; through hole 1012; locking pin 102; executive part 1021;connecting part 1022; second holding cavity 1023; first inclined part1024; concave part 1025; second electromagnetic induction component1026; driving pin 103; blocking part 1031; second inclined part 1032;first electromagnetic induction component 104; first elastic element105; second elastic element 106; second lower housing 107; third holdingcavity 1071; upper housing 108; fourth holding cavity 1081; first sensor1082; second sensor 1083; primary lock mechanism 20; locking link 201;primary locking tongue 202; primary locking base 203; primary cavity204; unlocking block 205; secondary lock mechanism 30; secondary lockingbase 301; secondary opening 3011; secondary cavity 3012; secondarylocking tongue 302; secondary locking tongue body 3021; secondarylocking tongue extension portion 3022; secondary reset part 303; supportstructure 40; supporting base 401; supporting opening 402; supportinggroove 403; electrical connector of the vehicle side 50; wiring terminal501; electrical contact end 502; battery pack holder 60; hole 601;battery pack containment cavity 602; wire harness 70, low-voltage poleof the electrical connector of the vehicle side 81, high-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the vehicle side 82.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will be further described in the way ofembodiments, but it is not limited to the scope of embodiments, but thepresent invention is not hence limited within the range of theembodiments.

Embodiment 1

According to an embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 1-5 show aschematic structure diagram of a battery holder. As shown in FIGS. 1-5 ,the battery holder 10 is mounted on the body of a electric vehicle tofix a battery pack 31, so as to install a quick changeable battery packor a rechargeable battery pack. The battery holder 10 comprises a fixingbracket 11, a lock mechanism and a plurality of supporting devices 14.The lock mechanism is fixed on the fixing bracket 11. The plurality ofsupporting devices 14 are fixed on one side of the fixing bracket 11facing the battery pack 31 and provide a plurality of support points tosupport the battery pack 31.

In the present embodiment, on the basis of matching the lock mechanismwith the locking shaft to realize the locking of the battery pack 31, aplurality of supporting portions 34 are arranged on the battery pack 31,and the plurality of supporting devices 14 for supporting the supportingportions 34 are arranged on the fixing bracket 11, the weight of thebattery pack 31 can be simultaneously distributed on the plurality ofsupporting devices 14 and the lock mechanism, the force is more evenlydistributed on the fixing bracket 11, the force applied by the batterypack 31 to the lock mechanism is reduced, the force concentration of thelock mechanism on the fixing bracket 11 is prevented, the service lifeof the lock mechanism is improved, so as to improve safety performance,and improve the connection strength between the battery pack assembly 30and the battery holder 10. In addition, the structure of battery holder10 is simple and production cost is low, at the same time, overpositioning is avoided, thus reducing the risk that the lock mechanismcan not be unlocked.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the fixing bracket is a frame structure. The lockmechanism and the plurality of supporting devices 14 are fixed in theframe of the frame structure. Of course, in other embodiments, thefixing bracket 11 can also be a disc-shaped structure with an annularside wall, a cuboid structure with an opening at the bottom or aplate-shaped structure, which does not limit the protection scope of thepresent invention.

The fixing bracket 11 comprises a frame 110 and a temporary connector112. One side of the frame 110 in the width direction of the fixingbracket W has a bracket opening 111, and the temporary connector 112 isdetachably connected to the portions in the frame 110 at both ends ofthe bracket opening 111, and covers the bracket opening 111 or islocated in the bracket opening 111. When the battery pack 31 and thebattery holder 10 are installed to the electric vehicle, the temporaryconnector 112 can be removed, which is beneficial to reducing the weightof the electric vehicle.

In addition, the lock mechanism generally includes a locking base, thelocking base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending from theopening, the opening is used for the locking shaft installed on thebattery pack 31 to enter the cavity. The supporting device 14 isprovided with a supporting groove 142, a lower surface of the supportinggroove 142 is in the same plane with a lower surface of the cavity. Inthis way, the battery pack 31 can be more firmly fixed in the fixingbracket 11, so that the battery pack 31 can be stably moved.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , in the length directionof the fixing bracket L, both sides of the fixing bracket 11 areprovided with lock mechanisms, the supporting devices 14 and the lockmechanisms which are on the same side are arranged at intervals. Thelength direction of the fixing bracket 11 and the length direction ofthe electric vehicle are approximately same.

Further preferably, in the supporting devices 14 and the lock mechanismswhich are on the same side, and in the length direction of the fixingbracket L, the supporting devices 14 are distributed at both ends of thefixing bracket 11, and the lock mechanisms are located in the middlepart of the fixing bracket 11.

As shown in FIGS. 1-3 , in the length direction of the fixing bracket L,both sides of the fixing bracket 11 are all arranged with two lockmechanisms. The two lock mechanisms on the same side of the fixingbracket 11 are arranged at intervals, and are respectively a primarylock mechanism 12 and a secondary lock mechanism 13; wherein thesecondary lock mechanism 13 and the primary lock mechanism 12 are usedin cooperation; the primary lock mechanism 12 can refer to the “lockingdevice” disclosed in the Chinese patent application with the publicationnumber of CN106427514A. The secondary lock mechanism 13 can provide asecondary locking function or a locking protection function for thebattery pack 31, when the primary lock mechanism 12 fails, it is used toprevent the battery pack 31 from falling and improve the safetyperformance.

In addition, the primary lock mechanism 12 comprises a locking link 120,at least one primary locking tongue 121 and at least one primary lockingbase 122. The primary locking base 122 is fixed on the fixing bracket11. In the present embodiment, three primary locking bases 122 and threeprimary locking tongues 121 are respectively arranged on both sides ofthe frame of the fixing bracket 11. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are partialschematic diagrams on one side.

As shown in FIGS. 2-3 , the primary locking base 122 is provided with aprimary opening 123 and a primary cavity 124 extending from the primaryopening 123, the primary opening 123 is used for the primary lockingshaft 32 installed on the battery pack 31 to enter the primary cavity124. The locking link 120 is rotatably connected with at least oneprimary locking tongue 121, which is used to drive the primary lockingtongue 121 to rotate under the action of external force, so that theprimary locking tongue 121 can rotate relative to the primary lockingbase 122 to change between a primary unlocking state and a primarylocking state. When the primary locking tongue 121 is in the primarylocking state, the primary locking tongue 121 can prevent the primarylocking shaft 32 from leaving the primary cavity 124 from the primaryopening 123. The “primary locking state” refers to a locking state ofthe primary lock mechanism 12; the “primary unlocking state” refers toan unlocking state of the primary lock mechanism 12.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the secondary lock mechanism 13 comprises asecondary locking base 131, a secondary locking tongue 130 and asecondary reset part 134. The secondary locking base 131 is fixed on thefixing bracket 11. The secondary locking base 131 is provided with asecondary opening 132 and a secondary cavity 133 extending from thesecondary opening 132, the secondary opening 132 is used for thesecondary locking shaft 33 (the structure is the same as or similar tothe primary locking shaft 32) installed on the battery pack 31 to enterthe secondary cavity 133.

The secondary locking tongue 130 can rotate relative to the secondarylocking base 131 to change between an unlocking state and a lockingstate. The secondary locking tongue 130 includes a secondary lockingtongue body 1300 and a secondary locking tongue extension portion 1301which are fixedly connected, the secondary locking tongue extensionportion 1301 is on the outside of the secondary locking base 131. Whenthe secondary locking tongue 130 is in the locking state, the secondarylocking tongue body 1300 can prevent the secondary locking shaft 33 fromleaving the secondary cavity 133 from the secondary opening 132.

The secondary reset part 134 is arranged on the secondary locking base131, and the secondary reset part 134 acts on the secondary lockingtongue 130. The secondary reset part 134 is able to be elasticallydeformed, the secondary reset part 134 is used to rotate the secondarylocking tongue 130 in a locking direction to reset from the unlockingstate to the locking state.

In the secondary lock mechanism 13, by setting the secondary reset part134, it is convenient for the secondary locking tongue 130 to reset fromthe unlocking state to the locking state, making the battery pack 31easy to install and lock, in addition, under the action of the secondaryreset part 134, the secondary locking tongue 130 will not easily changeto the unlocking state and the locking is more reliable; the secondarylocking tongue 130 extension portion is arranged outside the secondarylocking base 131, which can realize the rotation of the secondarylocking tongue 130 body by acting on the secondary locking tongue 130extension portion, and it is convenient for unlocking.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-5 , the lower surface ofthe supporting groove 142 is in the same plane with a lower surface ofthe primary cavity 124 and the secondary cavity 133. The lower surfaceof the supporting groove 142, the lower surface of the primary cavity124 and the lower surface of the secondary cavity 133 all refer to thesurface close to the ground during use, which bear the support functionof the supporting portion 34 of the battery pack 31, the primary lockingshaft 32 and the secondary locking shaft 33, the three are located inthe same plane which can make the battery pack 31 move smoothly.

In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of supporting devices 14 aredistributed on both sides of the fixing bracket 11 in the lengthdirection of fixing bracket L. This enables the battery pack 31 to bemore smoothly mounted on the battery holder 10. The numbers of thesupporting devices 14 respectively located on both sides of the fixingbracket 11 are the same, and the supporting devices 14 arranged on bothsides of the fixing bracket 11 are one-to-one corresponding andrelatively arranged.

In the present embodiment, the supporting device 14 is similar to thestructure of the primary locking base 122 and the secondary locking base131, but it does not have a function of locking and only serves as asupporting platform for the battery pack 31. In other embodiments, othersimilar supporting mechanisms with supporting platforms may beapplicable. The number of the supporting devices 14 can be adjustedaccording to the actual weight of the battery pack 31, preferably theaverage weight supported by each supporting device 14 does not exceed 25Kg.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the supporting device 14 comprises a supportingbase 140, the supporting base 140 is provided with a supporting opening141 and a supporting groove 142 which extends from the supportingopening 141, and the supporting opening 141 is provided for thesupporting portion 34 mounted on the battery pack 31 to enter thesupporting groove 142.

When the locking shaft enters the lock mechanism (in the presentembodiment, the primary locking shaft 32 enters the primary lockmechanism 12, the secondary locking shaft 33 enters the secondary lockmechanism 13), the supporting portion 34 of the battery pack 31 entersthe supporting groove 142 of the battery holder 10, and at the same timewhen the locking is complete, the supporting portion 34 is also pressedin the supporting groove 142 of the supporting base 140, so that thebattery pack 31 can be more firmly fixed in the fixing bracket 11.

In addition, the supporting device 14 further comprises an elastic part143, the elastic part 143 is at least partially located in thesupporting groove 142, and the elastic part 143 is used for abuttingagainst the supporting portion 34 of the battery pack 31. The elasticpart 143 is not necessary to be in contact with the support 34, but oncein contact, the rigid impact between the supporting portion 34 and thesupporting base 140 can be prevented.

Specifically, the elastic part 143 comprises an elastic pad 1430, anelastic handle (not shown), and an elastic head 1431 that aresequentially connected. The elastic pad 1430 is located in thesupporting groove 142, and is used for abutting against the supportingportion 34 of the battery pack 31. The elastic handle passes through thesupporting base 140, and a wall portion of the supporting base 140 isclamped between the elastic pad 1430 and the elastic head 1431. In thisway, the entire elastic part 143 can be stably installed on thesupporting base 140. The elastic part 143 is preferably made of rubber.

Further, the supporting base 140 is provided with a locating hole 144.The supporting device 14 further includes a dowel pin 145. The dowel pin145 is partially located outside the locating hole 144, and the dowelpin 145 is in interference fit with the locating hole 144. When thesupporting device 14 is installed on the fixing bracket 11, the dowelpin 145 can be used for positioning.

The supporting base 140 is provided with a mounting hole 146, themounting hole 146 is a threaded hole, the supporting base 140 can bedetachably connected to the fixing bracket 11 through the mounting hole146. The supporting opening 141 is a bell mouth, which is convenient forthe supporting portion 34 to enter the supporting groove 142.

As shown in FIGS. 1-3 and 5 , the fixing bracket 11 has anupper-position accommodation cavity (not shown), which is located abovethe supporting opening 141. An upper-position sensor (not shown) isarranged in the upper-position accommodation cavity to detect whetherthe supporting portion 34 of the battery pack 31 has passed through thesupporting opening 141, so as to determine whether the battery pack 31has been installed in place relative to the battery holder 10 in theheight direction of the electric vehicle.

The fixing bracket 11 has a front-position accommodation cavity (notshown), which is located at a front end of the supporting groove 142.The front end refers to the position close to the front of the electricvehicle in the length direction. A front-position sensor (not shown) isarranged in the front-position accommodation cavity, which is used todetect whether the supporting portion 34 of the battery pack 31 hasentered the front end of the supporting groove 142. Thus, it candetermine whether the battery pack 31 is installed in place relative tothe battery holder 10 in the length direction of the electric vehicle,so that the electric vehicle can be ensure to be driven under thecondition that when the battery pack 31 is installed in place, whichimproves the safety of the electric vehicle.

The battery holder 10 further includes a quick-change sensor (notshown), which is arranged on the fixing bracket 11. The quick-changesensor is used to detect a position signal of a power transfer equipmentand transmit the position signal to a controller. The quick-changesensor is a force off high-voltage sensor, which can detect the positionsignal of the power transfer equipment. When the power transferequipment has reached the preset setting, the quick-change sensortransmits the detected signal to the controller, so as to perform apower off operation on the battery pack 31, and to ensure that thebattery pack 31 is replaced in the case of power failure and improve itssafety performance.

The present invention further provides an electric vehicle, as shown inFIG. 6 , the electric vehicle includes a battery pack assembly 30 andthe battery holder 10 as above, the battery pack assembly 30 is mountedon the battery holder 10. In the present embodiment, the electricvehicle further includes a chassis (not shown), and the battery holder10 is fixed on the chassis.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the battery pack assembly 30 includes the batterypack 31 and the locking shaft (in the present embodiment, the lockingshaft comprises a primary locking shaft 32 and a secondary locking shaft33), the locking shaft is mounted on the battery pack 31. The lockingshaft is located in the lock mechanism (in the present embodiment, theprimary locking shaft 32 is located in the primary lock mechanism 12,the secondary locking shaft 33 is located in the secondary lockmechanism 13).

The battery pack assembly 30 further includes a plurality of supportingportion 34, the plurality of supporting portion 34 are mounted on thebattery pack 31 and are provided in one-to-one correspondence with theplurality of support devices 14, the supporting devices 14 are used tosupport the corresponding supporting portion 34.

The electric vehicle with the battery holder 10 as above, on the basisof assembling the lock mechanisms and the locking shafts to lock thebattery pack 31, the plurality of the supporting portions 34 are mountedon the battery pack 31 to match the plurality of supporting devices 14on the fixing bracket 11, the weight of the battery pack 31 can besimultaneously distributed on the plurality of supporting devices 14 andthe lock mechanisms, the force of the fixing bracket 11 is more evenly,the force applied by the battery pack 31 to the lock mechanism isreduced, the force concentration of the lock mechanism on the fixingbracket 11 is prevented, the service life of the lock mechanism isimproved, so as to improve safety performance, and to improve theconnection strength between the battery pack 31 battery pack assembly 30and the battery holder 10, so as to improve the safety performance ofthe electric vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 5 and FIGS. 8-9 , the supporting portion 34 includesthe supporting shaft 340, the supporting shaft 340 is pressed in thesupporting base 140 and located in the supporting groove 142. When thelocking shaft enters the opening (in the present embodiment, the primarylocking shaft 32 enters the primary opening 123, and the secondarylocking shaft 33 enters the secondary opening 132), the supporting shaft340 enters the supporting opening 141, when the locking shaft enters thecavity of the lock mechanism (in the present embodiment, the primarylocking shaft 32 enters the primary cavity 124 of the primary lockmechanism 12, the secondary locking shaft 33 enters the secondary cavity133 of the secondary lock mechanism 13), the supporting shaft 340 of thebattery pack 31 enters the supporting groove 142 of the battery holder10, and when the locking is in place, the supporting shaft 340 is alsopressed in the supporting groove 142 of the supporting base 140, so thatthe battery pack 31 can be more firmly fixed in the fixing bracket 11.

In addition, the supporting portion 34 further includes a shaft sleeve341, the shaft sleeve 341 is rotatably sleeved on the supporting shaft340. The shaft sleeve 341 is rotatably sleeved on the supporting shaft340, so that the shaft sleeve 341 can roll, thus ensuring multipleinstallations, reducing wear and improving the service life of thesupporting portion 34. The preferable material of the shaft sleeve 341is elastic material.

In a preferred embodiment, the supporting portion 34 further comprises agasket 342, the gasket 342 is sleeved on the supporting shaft 340 andpressed on one end of the shaft sleeve 341. The supporting shaft 340comprises a shaft body 3400 and a flange portion 3401, the flangeportion 3401 is coaxially arranged at one end of the shaft body 3400,the shaft sleeve 341 is sleeved on the shaft body 3400, the flangeportion 3401 is detachably connected to the battery pack 31.

Further preferably, the supporting shaft 340 is provided with anelectromagnetic induction component 343. The electromagnetic inductioncomponent 343 is preferably magnetic steel. One end of the supportingshaft 340 far from the battery pack 31 is provided with a concave part344, and the electromagnetic induction element 343 is located in theconcave part 344. And the electromagnetic induction component 343 is onthe same plane with the two ends of the supporting shaft 340 far awayfrom the battery pack 31.

An upper-position sensor acts on the electromagnetic induction component343 to detect whether the supporting portion 34 of the battery pack 31has passed through the supporting opening 141. Thus, it can bedetermined whether the battery pack 31 is installed in place relative tothe battery holder 10 in the height direction of the electric vehicle.

An front-position sensor acts on the electromagnetic induction component343 to detect whether the supporting portion 34 of the battery pack 31has entered the front end of the supporting groove 142. Thus, it can bedetermined whether the battery pack 31 is installed in place relative tothe battery holder 10 in the length direction of the electric vehicle,so that the electric vehicle can be ensure to be driven under thecondition that the battery pack 31 is installed in place and improve thesafety of the electric vehicle.

Then, mainly refer to FIGS. 4-5 and FIG. 7 , the working process of thesecondary lock mechanism 13 and the supporting device 14 is brieflydescribed, mainly including an unlocking process and a locking process,in which the initial state is the locking state.

The locking process: the secondary locking shaft 33 moves upward underthe action of an external force and enters the secondary cavity 133through the secondary opening 132. The secondary locking shaft 33 actson the secondary locking tongue 130 to make the secondary locking tongue130 rotate counterclockwise, at the same time, the supporting portion 34moves upward under the action of an external force and enters thesupporting groove 142 through the support opening 141; the secondarylocking tongue 130 acts on the secondary reset part 134 to make theelastic force of the secondary reset part 134 changed; after thesecondary locking tongue 130 is rotated to a certain angle, a channelfor the secondary locking shaft 33 to pass through is formed in thesecondary cavity 133, the secondary locking shaft 33 can move from backto front, and at the same time, the supporting portion 34 can move fromback to front in the supporting groove 142; until the secondary lockingshaft 33 is no longer in contact with the secondary locking tongue 130,the secondary locking tongue 130 rotates clockwise under the action ofthe reset part to reset to the locked state. When the secondary lockingshaft 33 is locked in place, the supporting portion 34 is also installedin place.

The unlocking process: a force is applied to the secondary lockingtongue 130 to make the secondary locking tongue 130 rotatecounterclockwise; the secondary locking tongue 130 acts on the secondaryreset part 134 to change the elastic force of the secondary reset part134; after the secondary locking tongue 130 rotates to a certain angle,a channel for the secondary locking shaft 33 to pass through in thesecondary cavity 133 is formed; the secondary locking shaft 33 can movefrom front to back, then moves downward through the secondary opening132 to leave the secondary lock mechanism 13, at the same time, thesupporting portion 34 can move from front to back in the supportinggroove 142, and then moves downward through the supporting opening 141to leave the supporting device 14.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment discloses a power transfer device for powerexchange of an electric vehicle. As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , thepower transfer device includes a battery pack holder 60 (the batterypack holder corresponds to the battery holder in embodiment 1) and anelectrical connector of the vehicle side of vehicle side 50. The fixingbracket of the battery pack holder forms a battery pack containmentcavity 602 for containing the battery pack (not shown in the figure),two sides of the battery pack are provided with locking shafts, and thelock mechanism is fixed on two sides of the battery pack containmentcavity 602. The electrical connector of the vehicle side 50 is arrangedon one side of the electrical connector of the battery side facing thebattery pack in the battery pack containment cavity 602. When thelocking shaft of the battery pack rises along the height direction ofthe battery pack in place in the lock mechanism, the distance betweenthe locking shaft and the lock point along the length of the batterypack in the lock mechanism is greater than the gap between theelectrical connector of the battery side and the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side 50 along the length direction of the battery pack. Whenthe locking shaft reaches the locking point of the lock mechanism, theelectrical connector of the battery side and the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side 50 are under interference fit.

In the present embodiment, when the locking shaft of the battery pack islocked in place in the lock mechanism, the electrical connector of thebattery side can be reliably connected with the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side 50, so as to improve the reliability and efficiency ofbattery exchange of the electric vehicle by using the battery transferdevice.

For ease of description, the distance between the locking shaft and thelock point along the length of the battery pack in the lock mechanism iscalled a first distance, and the gap between the high-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the battery side and the high-voltage poleof the electrical connector of the vehicle side 82 along the lengthdirection of the battery pack is called a second distance. In thepresent embodiment, the height of the low-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the vehicle side 81 is lower than the height of thehigh-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the vehicle side 82,and the height difference between the low-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the vehicle side 81 and the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side 82 is less than or equal to thedifference between the first distance and the second distance.

In the present embodiment, the relationship between the heightdifference and the difference makes that the high voltage is connectedbefore the low voltage is connected when the electrical connector of thevehicle side 50 is connected with the electrical connector of thebattery end. As long as the low voltage contacts, a contactor controlswitch in the battery pack can output high voltage. In addition, whenthe connection between the electrical connector of the vehicle side 50and the electrical connector of the battery is disconnected, thelow-voltage firstly disconnects the high-voltage, so as to prevent thepole arcing sintering and other adverse phenomena from happening due tothe high-voltage not being disconnected. Preferably, the range of heightdifference between the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side 81 and the high-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the vehicle side 82 is 0-2 mm. In the present embodiment,the height difference between the low-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the vehicle side 81 and the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side 82 is 1 mm.

It should be noted that on the basis that the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side 50 and the electrical connector of the battery side canbe realized, the height difference between the low-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side 81 and the high-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the vehicle side 82 can be any value between0 and the difference between the first distance and the second distance.

In other alternative embodiments, it can also be set as: the height ofthe low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the battery side islower than the height of the high-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the battery side, and the height difference between thelow-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the battery side and thehigh-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the battery side isless than or equal to the difference between the first distance and thesecond distance.

In another alternative embodiment, it can also be set as: the height ofthe low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the vehicle side 81is lower than the height of the high-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the vehicle side 82, and the height of the low-voltage poleof the electrical connector of the battery side is lower than the heightof the high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the batteryside; the sum of the height difference between the low-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the vehicle side 81 and the high-voltagepole of the electrical connector of the vehicle side 82 and the heightdifference between the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector ofthe battery side and the high-voltage pole of the electrical connectorof the battery side is less than or equal to the difference between thefirst distance and the second distance.

In the present embodiment, the connection between the electricalconnector of the battery side and the electrical connector of thevehicle side is floating electrical connection, the high-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the vehicle side 82 in FIG. 10 has anelectrical contact end 502 and a wiring terminal 501, wherein the endface of the electrical contact end 502 of the high-voltage pole isprovided with a groove (not shown in the figure), the groove is concaveinwards along the axial direction of the high-voltage pole, the grooveis embedded with a conductive elastic part (not shown in the figure),and the conductive elastic part protrudes from a contact surface of theelectrical contact end 502. Preferably, the conductive elastic part is aconductive spring. In addition, the electrical connector of the vehicleside 50 includes a flexible electrical connector (not shown in thefigure) and a high-voltage plug, one end of the flexible electricalconnector is floating electrically connected with the wiring terminal501 of the high-voltage pole. The high-voltage plug is floatingelectrically connected with the other end of the flexible electricalconnector.

In the present embodiment, the lock mechanism includes a locking base,the locking base is provided with an opening and a cavity extending fromthe opening, the opening is used for the locking shaft to enter thecavity. The battery pack holder 60 is provided with an upper-positionaccommodating cavity which is located above the opening, theupper-position accommodating cavity is provided with an upper-positionsensor, the upper-position sensor is used to detect whether the lockingshaft has passed through the opening, and has installed in place in thelock mechanism along the height direction of the battery pack. Thebattery pack holder 60 is further provided with a front-positionaccommodating cavity, which is located at the front end of the cavity,the front-position accommodating cavity is provided with afront-position sensor, the front-position sensor is used to detectwhether the locking shaft has entered the front end of the cavity, andhas installed in place in the lock mechanism along the length directionof the battery pack.

In the present embodiment, the upper-position sensor can detect whetherthe locking shaft rises in place in the lock mechanism, thefront-position sensor can detect whether the locking shaft locks inplace in the front end of the cavity and reaches the locking point, theupper-position sensor and the front-position sensor can improve thelocking reliability of the battery pack, which is conducive to improvingthe electricity connection of the electrical connector of the vehicleside 50 and the electrical connector of the battery side, and further toimprove the reliability of the electric vehicle power exchange.

As shown in FIG. 10 , the battery pack holder 60 is further providedwith a wire harness 70, which is used to transmit the upper-positionsignal detected by the upper-position sensor and the front-positionsignal detected by the front-position sensor to the power transferequipment.

Referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , two lock mechanisms are arranged onboth sides of the battery pack holder 60 in the length direction of thebattery pack holder, and the two lock mechanisms on the same side of thebattery pack holder 60 are arranged at intervals, and the two lockmechanisms are respectively a primary lock mechanism and a secondarylock mechanism. The electrical connector of the vehicle side 50 isarranged on one side wall of the battery pack holder 60 along the widthdirection of the battery pack holder 60. The length direction of thebattery pack holder 60 is parallel to the length direction of thebattery pack. When the primary lock mechanism 20 fails, the secondarylock mechanism 30 functions to lock the locking shaft of the batterypack and prevent the battery pack from falling off, which is conduciveto further improving the reliability of electric vehicle power exchange.

Referring to FIGS. 10-12 , the primary lock mechanism 20 includes alocking link 201, at least one primary locking tongue 202, at least oneprimary locking base 203, the primary locking base 203 is fixed on thebattery pack holder 60, the primary locking base 203 is provided with aprimary opening and a primary cavity 204 extending from the primaryopening, the primary opening is used for the primary locking shaft ofthe battery pack to enter the primary cavity 204, and the locking link201 is rotatably connected with at least one primary locking tongue 202to drive the primary locking tongue 202 to rotate under the action ofexternal force, so that the primary locking tongue 202 can rotaterelative to the primary locking base 203 to change between a primaryunlocking state and a primary locking state, when the primary lockingtongue 202 is in the primary unlocking state, the primary locking tongue202 can prevent the primary locking shaft from leaving the primarycavity 204 from the primary opening. One side of the locking link 201toward the primary locking base 203 is further provided with anunlocking block 205, the unlocking block 205 is an arc convex formedoutward from the locking link 201, and the top of the unlocking block205 is an inner arc groove concave into the locking link 201. In thepresent embodiment, the number of the primary locking tongue 202 and thenumber of the primary locking base 203 are both three.

Referring to FIG. 10 and FIG. 13 , the secondary lock mechanism 30includes a secondary locking base 301, a secondary locking tongue 302and a secondary reset part 303. Wherein, the secondary locking base 301is fixed on the battery pack holder 60, the secondary locking base 301is provided with a secondary opening 3011 and a secondary cavity 3012extending from the secondary opening 3011, and the secondary opening3011 is used for the secondary locking shaft of the battery pack toenter the secondary cavity 3012. The secondary locking tongue 302 canrotate relative to the secondary locking base 301 to change between asecondary unlocking state and a secondary locking state. The secondarylocking tongue 302 includes a secondary locking tongue body 3021 and asecondary locking tongue extension portion 3022, the secondary lockingtongue body 3021 and the secondary locking tongue extension portion 3022are fixedly connected, the secondary locking tongue extension portion302 is located outside the secondary locking base 301. When thesecondary locking tongue 302 is in the secondary locking state, thesecondary locking tongue body 3021 can prevent the secondary lockingshaft from leaving the secondary cavity 3012 from the secondary opening3011. The secondary reset part 303 is arranged on the secondary lockingbase 301 and acts on the secondary locking tongue 302, the secondaryreset part 303 is capable of elastic deformation, the secondary resetpart 303 is used to rotate the secondary locking tongue 302 in a lockingdirection to reset from the secondary unlocking state to the secondarylocking state.

Referring to FIG. 10 , FIG. 11 and FIGS. 14-16 , the power transferdevice further includes a locking protection mechanism 10. The lockingprotection mechanism 10 is fixed on the side opposite to the primarylock mechanism on the battery pack holder 60, and the locking protectionmechanism 10 is arranged on the moving path of the locking link 201 tolimit the movement of the locking link 201 relative to the primarylocking base 203. The locking protection mechanism 10 can move between afirst position and a second position relative to the locking link 201.When the locking protection mechanism 10 is in the first position, thelocking protection mechanism 10 acts on the locking link 201 to limitthe movement of the locking link 201 relative to the primary lockingbase 203; when the locking protection mechanism 10 is in the secondposition, the locking protection mechanism 10 is separated from thelocking link 201 to allow the movement of the locking link 201 relativeto the primary locking base 203.

When the primary lock mechanism 20 locks the locking shaft, the lockingprotection mechanism 10 can limit the movement of the locking link 201relative to the primary locking base 203, thereby improving the lockingeffect of the primary lock mechanism 20, so that the primary lockmechanism 20 can lock the locking shaft reliably. Furthermore, it isbeneficial to improve the reliability of electric vehicle.

Understand with reference to FIG. 11 and FIGS. 14-18 , the lockingprotection mechanism 10 includes a first lower housing 101 and a lockingpin 102. The first lower housing 101 can be detachably connected to aside opposite to the locking shaft in the primary locking base 203, theinner part of the first lower housing 101 has a first holding cavity1011, and the side wall of the lower housing has a through hole 1012communicated with the first holding cavity 1011. The locking pin 102 islocated in the first holding cavity 1011, and the locking pin penetratesin the through hole 1012, and can switch between an extended state and aretracted state. Wherein, when the locking pin 102 is in the extendedstate, the locking pin 102 is in the first position; when the lockingpin 102 is in the retracted state, the locking pin 102 is in the secondposition. The switching of the locking pin 102 between the firstposition and the second position is realized by controlling theextension and retraction of the locking pin 102, which is simple instructure and easy to realize. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 , a hole601 is arranged on the battery pack holder 60, and the locking pin 102switches between the first position and the second position through thehole 601.

The locking protection mechanism 10 further includes a driving pin 103,a first electromagnetic induction component 104 and a first elasticelement 105. The driving pin 103 acts on the locking pin 102, and thedriving pin 103 can move relative to the locking pin 102 to be engagedwith or separate from the locking pin 102. The first electromagneticinduction component 104 is arranged on the driving pin 103, the firstelectromagnetic induction component 104 is used to drive the driving pin103 to exert a force on the locking pin 102 along the retractiondirection of the locking pin 102 under an action of an externalelectromagnetic equipment. The first elastic element 105 is connected toone end of the locking pin 102 far away from the cavity, the firstelastic element 105 is abutted between the locking pin 102 and the innerwall surface of the first holding cavity 1011, and the first elasticelement 105 is used to apply a force to the locking pin 102 in theextending direction of the locking pin 102. When the firstelectromagnetic induction component 104 is engaged with the externalelectromagnetic device, the driving pin 103 is separated from thelocking pin 102, and a force is applied to the locking pin 102 along theretraction direction to make the locking pin 102 in the retracted state;when the first electromagnetic induction component 104 is separated fromthe external electromagnetic device, the first elastic element 105exerts a force on the locking pin 102 in the extension direction, andthe driving pin 103 is engaged with the locking pin 102, so that thelocking pin 102 is in the extended state.

In the present embodiment, when the first electromagnetic inductioncomponent 104 is engaged with an external electromagnetic device, thedriving pin 103 moves away from the locking pin 102, and a force isapplied to the locking pin 102 along the retraction direction, so thatthe locking pin 102 retracts, and the locking pin 102 will squeeze thefirst elastic element 105. When the driving pin 103 is completelyseparated from the locking pin 102, the first elastic element 105provides a restoring force to the locking pin 102 to return the lockingpin 102 to a position for engagement with the driving pin 103. When thefirst electromagnetic induction component 104 is separated from theexternal electromagnetic device, the driving pin 103 moves in adirection toward the locking pin 102 to engage with the locking pin 102,so that the locking pin 102 is in the extension state. In addition, inthe present embodiment, the magnetic engagement method is used tocontrol the engagement and separation of the driving pin 103 and thelocking pin 102, and then to control the extension and retraction of thelocking pin 102. The control method is simple and the control efficiencyis high.

The locking pin 102 has an executive part 1021 and a connecting part1022. The connecting part 1022 is connected to one end of the executingpart 1021 which is far away from the primary cavity 204, the connectingpart 1022 has a second holding cavity 1023 which used for holding thedriving pin 103. The first elastic element 105 is connected to the endof the connecting part 1022 far away from the executing part 1021, thefirst elastic element 105 is butted between the connecting part 1022 andthe inner wall surface of the first holding cavity 1011, and the firstelastic element 105 exerts a force on the connecting part 1022 in theextending direction. When the driving pin 103 is engaged with thelocking pin 102, one end of the driving pin 103 close to the locking pin102 is clamped to the second holding cavity 1023, which belongs to theembedded connection and occupies less space.

In the present embodiment, a first angle is formed between the lengthdirection of the connecting part 1022 and the height direction of thedriving pin 103, and the second holding cavity 1023 extends along theheight direction of the driving pin 103, so that the driving pin 103moves in the height direction of the driving pin 103 relative to thelocking pin 102.

The driving pin 103 has a head end and a tail end along its heightdirection, the head end of the driving pin 103 is embedded in the secondholding cavity 1023, and the first electromagnetic induction component104 is arranged in the tail end of the driving pin 103. The inner wallsurface of the second holding chamber 1023 is provided with a firstinclined part 1024, and the first end of the driving pin 103 is providedwith a second inclined part 1032 adapted to the first inclined part1024. When the driving pin 103 is engaged with the locking pin 102, thefirst inclined part 1024 is attached to the second inclined part 1032;when the driving pin 103 is separated from the locking pin 102, thesecond inclined part 1032 moves downward relative to the first inclinedpart 1024, and applies a force to the locking pin 102 along theretraction direction, so as to make the locking pin 102 in theretraction state.

In the present embodiment, the engagement of the first inclined part1024 and the second inclined part 1032 are ingeniously used, when thedriving pin 103 moves in a direction away from the locking pin 102, thefirst inclined part 1024 slides relative to the second inclined part1032. The friction force applied by the first inclined part 1024 to thesecond inclined part 1032 can be decomposed into a component force alongthe retraction direction, and under the function of the component force,the locking pin 102 retracts back.

The inner wall surface of the second holding cavity 1023 is furtherprovided with a concave part 1025, and the head end of the driving pin103 is provided with a convex part which is matched with the concavepart 1025. The inner wall surface of the second holding cavity 1023 isprovided with two first inclined parts 1024, and the two first inclinedparts 1024 are relatively arranged on both sides of the concave part1025. In the present embodiment, the concave part 1025 can play alimiting role on the driving pin 103, help to make the driving pin 103reliably engage with the locking pin 102, thus help to realize thestable extension of the locking pin 102, and help to realize thereliable locking of the locking shaft.

The first electromagnetic induction component 104 is embedded in thetail end of the driving pin 103. In this way, the first electromagneticinduction component 104 does not occupy additional space outside thedriving pin 103, which is beneficial to improve space utilization. Inaddition, it is also advantageous to protect the first electromagneticinduction component 104.

In addition, the tail end of the driving pin 103 is sleeved of a secondelastic element 106, the second elastic element 106 exerts a force onthe driving pin 103 in a direction close to the connecting part 1022,wherein the force exerted by the second elastic element 106 on thedriving pin 103 is greater than the gravity of the driving pin 103. Inthis present embodiment, when the driving pin 103 is engaged with thelocking pin 102, the force applied by the second elastic element 106 tothe driving pin 103 can prevent the driving pin 103 from falling underthe action of gravity, thus further improving the reliability of theengagement of the driving pin 103 and the locking pin 102. When thedriving pin 103 is required to move towards the direction close to thelocking pin 102, the force applied by the second elastic element 106 tothe driving pin 103 can overcome the gravity of the driving pin 103, sothat the driving pin 103 can move towards the direction close to thelocking pin 102 more reliably.

The locking protection mechanism 10 further includes a second lowerhousing 107, the second lower housing 107 is connected to the bottom ofthe first lower housing 101, the second lower housing 107 has a thirdholding cavity 1071, the third holding cavity 1071 is intercommunicationwith the first holding cavity 1011, and the driving pin 103 is locatedin the third holding cavity 1071. A second angle is formed between thecentral axis of the second lower housing 107 and the central axis of thefirst lower housing 101, and the second angle is equal to the firstangle.

In addition, the outer wall surface of the driving pin 103 is providedwith a blocking part 1031 corresponding to both ends of the secondelastic element 106, and the second elastic element 106 is clampedbetween the two blocking parts 1031. That is to say, in the presentembodiment, the second elastic element 106 is integrally sleeved on theouter wall surface of the driving pin 103, and the second elasticelement 106 is a spring. The main function of the blocking part 1031 isto locate the second elastic element 106 to restrict the movement of thesecond elastic element 106 along the height direction of the driving pin103.

In addition, the locking protection mechanism 10 further includes anupper housing 108 which is pressed and detachably connected to the firstlower housing 101. The upper housing 108 can fix and protect the lockingpin 102, the driving pin 103, etc. The upper housing 108 has a fourthholding cavity 1081, a first sensor 1082 is arranged in the fourthholding cavity 1081, and a second electromagnetic induction component1026 is arranged on the executive part 1021. Wherein, the first sensor1082 acts on the second electromagnetic induction component 1026 todetect that the executive part 1021 is in an extended state. The fourthholding cavity 1081 is further provided with a second sensor 1083, thesecond sensor 1083 acts on the second electromagnetic inductioncomponent 1026 to detect that the executive part 1021 is in a retractedstate. Compared with the first sensor 1082, the second sensor 1083 iscloser to the driving pin 103. Through the first sensor 1082, the secondsensor 1083 and the second electromagnetic induction component 1026 canreliably detect when the locking pin 102 is in the extended state andthe retracted state, which is conducive to the unlocking and locking ofthe battery pack by the primary lock mechanism 20. In addition, in thepresent embodiment, the first electromagnetic induction component 104and the second electromagnetic induction component 1026 are bothmagnetic steel.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the locking protection mechanism10 adopts the method of electromagnetic attraction of the driving pin103 to realize the extension and retraction of the locking pin 102, andthe extension and retraction of the locking pin 102 are in the samelinear direction. In other alternative embodiments, the extension andretraction of the locking pin 102 can be realized by other driving modes(non electromagnetic driving modes), the action path of the locking pin102 can also be set as a curve, and other non locking pin 102structures, such as crank mechanism and rocker mechanism, can be adoptedto realize the switch between the first position and the second positionof the locking protection mechanism.

Understand with reference to FIG. 11 and FIG. 19 , the power transferdevice further includes a plurality of support structures 40. Theplurality of support structures 40 are fixed on one side of the batterypack holder 60 facing the battery pack, and the plurality of supportstructures 40 are used to provide a plurality of support points forsupporting the battery pack. Specifically, the support structure 40includes a supporting base 401, the supporting base 401 provided with asupporting base 401 and a supporting groove 403 extending from thesupporting opening 402, the supporting opening 402 is used for a supportpart installed on the battery pack to enter the supporting groove 403.The plurality of support structures 40 are distributed on both sides ofthe battery pack holder 60 in the length direction of the battery packholder 60, and the support structures 40 arranged on both sides of thebattery pack holder 60 are one-to-one corresponding and relativelyarranged. Both sides of the battery pack holder 60 in the lengthdirection of the battery pack holder 60 are provided with a lockmechanism, and the support structure 40 and the lock mechanism on thesame side are interval set. The support structure 40 can support thebattery pack, facilitate the installation of the battery pack and thebattery pack holder 60, and improve the locking effect of the lockmechanism, so as to improve the power exchange reliability of theelectric vehicle.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the battery pack holder 60 inFIG. 10 is further provided with a power exchange sensor (not shown inthe figure), which is used to sense the power transfer equipment and tocontrol the disconnection of the electrical connection between theelectrical connector of the vehicle side 50 and the electrical connectorof the battery side. When the battery pack is removed from the batterypack holder 60 by the power transfer equipment, the power exchangesensor can disconnect the electric connection between the electricalconnector of the vehicle side 50 and the electrical connector of thebattery side, so as to protect the electric vehicle.

The embodiment further discloses an installation method of a powertransfer device, which comprises the following steps:

Step 1, install the battery pack from the bottom of the battery packholder along the height direction of the battery pack into the batterypack holder until the locking shaft rises in place in the lock mechanismalong the height direction of the battery pack;

Step 2, move the battery pack forward along its length direction untilthe locking shaft reaches the locking point in the lock mechanism alongthe length direction of the battery pack.

According to the power transfer device in the present embodiment, whenthe locking shaft of the battery pack is locked in place in the lockmechanism, the electrical connector of the battery side can be reliablyconnected with the electrical connector of the vehicle side, so as toimprove the reliability and power exchange efficiency of the electricvehicle using the power transfer device.

Although the specific embodiments of the invention have been describedabove, those skilled in the art will understand that these are onlyexamples, and various changes or modifications can be made to theseembodiments without departing from the principle and essence of theinvention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention isdefined by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A battery holder, for being mounted on the bodyof an electric vehicle to fix a battery pack, the battery holdercomprises a fixing bracket and a plurality of lock mechanisms, the lockmechanisms are fixed on the fixing bracket, characterized in that thebattery holder further comprises: a plurality of supporting devices,which are fixed on one side of the fixing bracket facing the batterypack, and the plurality of supporting devices provide a plurality ofsupport points to support the battery pack; the fixing bracket has anupper-position accommodation cavity, an upper-position sensor isarranged in the upper-position accommodation cavity, the upper-positionsensor is used for detecting the supporting portion of the battery pack,so as to determine whether the battery pack has been installed in placerelative to the battery holder in the height direction of the electricvehicle; and/or, the fixing bracket has a front-position accommodationcavity, a front-position sensor is arranged in the front-positionaccommodation cavity, the front-position sensor is used to detect thesupporting portion of the battery pack, so as to determine whether thebattery pack is installed in place relative to the battery holder in thelength direction of the electric vehicle.
 2. The battery holderaccording to claim 1, characterized in that the lock mechanism includesa locking base, the locking base is provided with an opening and acavity extending from the opening, the opening is used for one of thelocking shafts installed on the battery pack to enter the cavity; thesupporting device is provided with a supporting groove, a lower surfaceof the supporting groove is in the same plane with a lower surface ofthe cavity.
 3. The battery holder according to claim 1, characterized inthat the supporting device is provided with the supporting groove; thesupporting device comprises: a supporting base, the supporting base isprovided with a supporting opening and a supporting groove which extendsfrom the supporting opening, and the supporting opening is used for asupporting portion mounted on the battery pack to enter the supportinggroove; preferably, the upper-position accommodation cavity is locatedabove the supporting opening, the upper-position sensor is used fordetecting whether the supporting portion of the battery pack has passedthrough the supporting opening; and/or, the front-position accommodationcavity is located at the front end of the supporting groove, thefront-position sensor is used to detect whether the supporting portionof the battery pack has entered a front end of the supporting groove. 4.The battery holder according to claim 3, characterized in that thesupporting device further comprises an elastic part, the elastic part isat least partially located in the supporting groove, and the elasticpart is used for abutting against the supporting portion of the batterypack; preferably, the elastic part comprises an elastic pad, an elastichandle and an elastic head connected in sequence; the elastic pad islocated in the supporting groove, the elastic pad is used for abuttingagainst the supporting portion of the battery pack; the elastic handlepasses through the supporting base, and a wall portion of the supportingbase is clamped between the elastic pad and the elastic head.
 5. Thebattery holder according to claim 3, characterized in that thesupporting base is provided with a locating hole, the supporting devicefurther includes a dowel pin, the dowel pin is partially located outsidethe locating hole, and the dowel pin is in interference fit with thelocating hole; and/or, the supporting base is provided with a mountinghole, the mounting hole is a threaded hole, the supporting base can bedetachably connected to the fixing bracket through the mounting hole;and/or, the supporting opening is a bell mouth.
 6. The battery holderaccording to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of supportingdevices are distributed on both sidewalls of the fixing bracket in thelength direction of the fixing bracket; preferably, the numbers of thesupporting devices respectively located on both sides of the fixingbracket are the same, and the supporting devices arranged on both sidesof the fixing bracket are one-to-one corresponding and relativelyarranged; and/or, both sidewalls of the fixing bracket in the lengthdirection of the fixing bracket are provided with the lock mechanisms,the supporting device and the lock mechanism which are on the same sideare arranged at intervals; preferably, in the supporting devices and thelock mechanisms which are on the same side, and in the length directionof the fixing bracket, the supporting devices are distributed at bothends of the fixing bracket, the lock mechanisms are located in themiddle part of the fixing bracket.
 7. The battery holder according toclaim 6, characterized in that in the length direction of the fixingbracket, both sidewalls of the fixing bracket are both arranged with twolock mechanisms, the two lock mechanisms on the same side of the fixingbracket are arranged at intervals, and are respectively a primary lockmechanism and a secondary lock mechanism; preferably, the primary lockmechanism comprises a locking link, at least one primary locking tongueand at least one primary locking base, the primary locking base is fixedon the fixing bracket, the primary locking base is provided with aprimary opening and a primary cavity extending from the primary opening,the primary opening is used for a primary locking shaft installed on thebattery pack to enter the primary cavity, the locking link is rotatablyconnected with the at least one primary locking tongue, the locking linkis used to drive the primary locking tongue to rotate under the actionof external force, so that the primary locking tongue can rotaterelative to the primary locking base to change between a primaryunlocking state and a primary locking state, when the primary lockingtongue is in the primary locking state, the primary locking tongue canprevent the primary locking shaft from leaving the primary cavity fromthe primary opening; and/or, the secondary lock mechanism comprises: asecondary locking base, the secondary locking base is fixed on thefixing bracket, the secondary locking base is provided with a secondaryopening and a secondary cavity extending from the secondary opening, thesecondary opening is used for a secondary locking shaft installed on thebattery pack to enter the secondary cavity; a secondary locking tongue,the secondary locking tongue can rotate relative to the secondarylocking base to change between an unlocking state and a locking state,the secondary locking tongue includes a secondary locking tongue bodyand a secondary locking tongue extension portion which are fixedlyconnected, the secondary locking tongue extension portion is on theoutside of the secondary locking base, when the secondary locking tongueis in the locking state, the secondary locking tongue body can preventthe secondary locking shaft from leaving the secondary cavity from thesecondary opening; and, a secondary reset part, the secondary reset partis arranged on the secondary locking base, and the secondary reset partacts on the secondary locking tongue, the secondary reset part is ableto be elastically deformed, the secondary reset part is used to rotatethe secondary locking tongue in a locking direction to reset from theunlocking state to the locking state.
 8. The battery holder according toclaim 1, characterized in that the fixing bracket comprises a frame anda temporary connector, one side of the frame in the width direction ofthe fixing bracket has a bracket opening, and the temporary connector isdetachably connected to the portions at the two ends of the bracketopening in the frame, and covers the bracket opening or is located inthe bracket opening; and/or, the battery holder further includes aquick-change sensor, the quick-change sensor is arranged on the fixingbracket, the quick-change sensor is used to detect the position signalof a power transfer equipment and transmit the position signal to acontroller.
 9. A power transfer device, characterized in that the powertransfer device includes the battery holder according to claim 1, thefixing bracket forms a battery pack containment cavity for containingthe battery pack, both sidewalls of the battery pack are provided withlocking shafts, and the lock mechanisms are fixed on sidewalls of thebattery pack containment cavity, the power transfer device furthercomprises: an electrical connector of the vehicle side, the electricalconnector of the vehicle side is arranged in the battery packcontainment cavity, and the electrical connector of the vehicle side isset opposite to an electrical connector of the battery side of thebattery pack, both of the electrical connector of the vehicle side andthe electrical connector of the battery side have a plurality ofcorresponding poles; wherein when the locking shafts of the battery packrise in place in the lock mechanisms along the height direction of thebattery pack, the distance between each of the locking shafts and acorresponding lock point along the length of the battery pack in thelock mechanisms is greater than a gap between the electrical connectorof the battery side and the electrical connector of the vehicle sidealong the length direction of the battery pack; when the locking shaftsreach the locking point of the lock mechanisms, the pole of theelectrical connector of the battery side is abutting against the pole ofthe electrical connector of the vehicle side.
 10. The power transferdevice according to claim 9, characterized in that the distance betweeneach of the locking shafts and the corresponding lock point along thelength of the battery pack in the lock mechanisms is called a firstdistance, and the gap between a high-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the battery side and a high-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the vehicle side along the length direction of the batterypack is called a second distance; the height of the low-voltage pole ofthe electrical connector of the vehicle side is lower than the height ofthe high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the vehicle side,and the height difference between the low-voltage pole of the electricalconnector of the vehicle side and the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side is less than or equal to thedifference between the first distance and the second distance; or, theheight of the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thebattery side is lower than the height of the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the battery side, and the height differencebetween the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the batteryside and the high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thebattery side is less than or equal to the difference between the firstdistance and the second distance; preferably, the range of heightdifference between the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side and the high-voltage pole of the electrical connectorof the vehicle side is 0-2 mm.
 11. The power transfer device accordingto claim 9, characterized in that the distance between each of thelocking shafts and the corresponding lock point along the length of thebattery pack in the lock mechanisms is called the first distance, andthe gap between a high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thebattery side and a high-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thevehicle side along the length direction of the battery pack is calledthe second distance; the height of the low-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side is lower than the height of thehigh-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the vehicle side, andthe height of the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector of thebattery side is lower than the height of the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the battery side; the sum of the heightdifference between the low-voltage pole of the electrical connector ofthe vehicle side and the high-voltage pole of the electrical connectorof the vehicle side and the height difference between the low-voltagepole of the electrical connector of the battery side and thehigh-voltage pole of the electrical connector of the battery side isless than or equal to the difference between the first distance and thesecond distance.
 12. The power transfer device according to claim 9,characterized in that the electrical connector of the vehicle side isused for being in floating electric connection with the electricalconnector of the battery side; preferably, the high-voltage pole of theelectrical connector of the vehicle side has an electrical contact endand a wiring terminal; wherein, an end face of the electrical contactend of the high-voltage pole is provided with a groove, the groove isconcave inwards along the axial direction of the high-voltage pole, thegroove is embedded with a conductive elastic part, and the conductiveelastic part protrudes from the contact surface of the electricalcontact end; preferably, the conductive elastic part is a conductivespring.
 13. The power transfer device according to claim 9,characterized in that the lock mechanism includes a locking base, thelocking base is provided with the opening and the cavity extending fromthe opening, the opening is used for one of the locking shafts to enterthe cavity; the battery pack holder is provided with an upper-positionaccommodating cavity, the upper-position accommodating cavity is locatedabove the opening, the upper-position accommodating cavity is providedwith an upper-position sensor; the upper-position sensor is used todetect whether the corresponding locking shaft has passed through theopening, and to detect whether the corresponding locking shaft has risenin place in the lock mechanism along the height direction of the batterypack; and/or, the battery pack holder is provided with a front-positionaccommodating cavity, the front-position accommodating cavity is locatedat the front end of the cavity, the front-position accommodating cavityis provided with a front-position sensor; the front-position sensor isused to detect whether the corresponding locking shaft has entered thefront end of the cavity, and to detect whether the corresponding lockingshaft has been locked in place in the lock mechanism along the lengthdirection of the battery pack; preferably, both sidewalls of the batterypack holder in the length direction of the battery pack holder areprovided with two of the lock mechanisms, and the two lock mechanisms onthe same side of the battery pack holder are arranged at intervals, andthe two lock mechanisms are respectively a primary lock mechanism and asecondary lock mechanism; the electrical connector of the vehicle sideis arranged on one side wall of the battery pack holder along the widthdirection of the battery pack holder; wherein the length direction ofthe battery pack holder is parallel to the length direction of thebattery pack.
 14. The power transfer device according to claim 13,characterized in that the power transfer device further includes alocking protection mechanism, the locking protection mechanism is fixedon the side opposite to the primary lock mechanism on the battery packholder, and the locking protection mechanism is arranged on the movingpath of the locking link to limit the movement of the locking linkrelative to the primary locking base of the primary lock mechanism;preferably, the locking protection mechanism can move between a firstposition and a second position relative to the locking link; whereinwhen the locking protection mechanism is in the first position, thelocking protection mechanism acts on the locking link to limit themovement of the locking link relative to the primary locking base; whenthe locking protection mechanism is in the second position, the lockingprotection mechanism is separated from the locking link to allow themovement of the locking link relative to the primary locking base;preferably, the locking protection mechanism includes: a first lowerhousing, the first lower housing can be detachably connected to a sideopposite to the locking shaft in the primary locking base, the innerpart of the first lower housing has a holding cavity, and the side wallof the lower housing has a through hole communicated with the holdingcavity; a locking pin, the locking pin is located in the holding cavity,and the locking pin is penetrated in the locking pin, and can switchbetween an extended state and a retracted state, wherein when thelocking pin is in the extended state, the locking pin is in the firstposition; when the locking pin is in the retracted state, the lockingpin is in the second position; preferably, the locking protectionmechanism further includes: a driving pin, the driving pin acts on thelocking pin, and the driving pin can move relative to the locking pinunder an action of external force to be engaged with or separated fromthe locking pin; wherein when the driving pin is separated from thelocking pin, a force is applied to the locking pin along the retractiondirection to make the locking pin in the retracted state; when thedriving pin is engaged with the locking pin, the locking pin is theextended state.
 15. The power transfer device according to claim 13,characterized in that the battery pack holder is further provided with awire harness, the wire harness is used to transmit the upper-positionsignal detected by the upper-position sensor and the front-positionsignal detected by the front-position sensor to the power transferequipment.
 16. The power transfer device according to claim 9,characterized in that the power transfer device further includes aplurality of support structures, the plurality of support structures arefixed on one side of the battery pack holder facing to the battery pack,and the plurality of support structures are used to provide a pluralityof support points for supporting the battery pack; preferably, thesupport structure includes: a supporting base, the supporting base isprovided with a supporting opening and a supporting groove extendingfrom the supporting opening, the supporting opening is used for asupport part installed on the battery pack to enter the supportinggroove; preferably, the plurality of support structures are distributedon both sides of the battery pack holder in the length direction of thebattery pack holder, and the support structures arranged on the twosides of the battery pack holder are one-to-one corresponding andrelatively arranged; both sides of the battery pack holder in the lengthdirection of the battery pack holder are provided with the lockmechanisms, and the support structures and the lock mechanisms on thesame side are interval setted.
 17. The power transfer device accordingto claim 9, characterized in that the battery pack holder furtherincludes: a power exchange sensor, the power exchange sensor is arrangedon the battery pack holder, the power exchange sensor is used to detectthe power transfer equipment and to control the disconnection of theelectrical connection between the electrical connector of the vehicleside and the electrical connector of the battery side.
 18. Aninstallation method for the power transfer device according to claim 9,characterized in that the installation method for the power transferdevice includes the following steps: S1. install the battery pack fromthe bottom of the battery pack holder along the height direction of thebattery pack into the battery pack holder until the locking shafts risein place in the lock mechanisms along the height direction of thebattery pack; S2. move the battery pack forward along its lengthdirection until the locking shafts reach the locking point in the lockmechanisms along the length direction of the battery pack.
 19. Anelectric vehicle, the electric vehicle includes a battery pack assembly,the battery pack assembly includes a battery pack and locking shafts,the locking shafts are mounted on the battery pack, characterized inthat the electric vehicle further comprises the battery holder accordingto claim 1, the battery pack assembly is mounted on the battery holder,the locking shafts are located in the lock mechanisms respectively; thebattery pack assembly further includes a plurality of supportingportion, the plurality of supporting portion are mounted on the batterypack and are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality ofsupport devices, the supporting devices are used to support thesupporting portion correspondingly.
 20. The electric vehicle accordingto claim 19, characterized in that the lock mechanism includes a lockingbase, the locking base is provided with an opening and a cavityextending from the opening, the opening is used for one of the lockingshafts to enter the cavity, and be mounted on the cavity; the supportingdevice comprises a supporting base, the supporting base is provided witha supporting opening and a supporting groove which extends from thesupporting opening, and the supporting opening is used for thesupporting portion to enter the supporting groove; the supportingportion includes a supporting shaft, the supporting shaft is pressed inthe supporting base and located in the supporting groove; preferably,the supporting portion further includes a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeveis rotatably sleeved on the supporting shaft; preferably, the materialof the shaft sleeve is elastic material; and/or, the supporting portionfurther comprises a gasket, the gasket is sleeved on the supportingshaft and pressed on one end of the shaft sleeve; and/or, the supportingshaft comprises a shaft body and a flange portion, the flange portion iscoaxially arranged at one end of the shaft body, the shaft sleeve issleeved on the shaft body, the flange portion is detachably connected tothe battery pack; and/or, the supporting shaft is provided with anelectromagnetic induction component, preferably, the electromagneticinduction component is magnetic steel; the fixing bracket has anupper-position accommodation cavity, the upper-position accommodationcavity is located above the supporting opening, an upper-position sensoris arranged in the upper-position accommodation cavity acts on theelectromagnetic induction component to detect whether the supportingportion of the battery pack has passed through the supporting opening;and/or, the fixing bracket has a front-position accommodation cavity,the front-position accommodation cavity is located at the front end ofthe supporting groove, a front-position sensor is arranged in thefront-position accommodation cavity, the front-position sensor acts onthe electromagnetic induction component to detect whether the supportingportion of the battery pack has entered the front end of the supportinggroove; preferably, one end of the supporting shaft far from the batterypack is provided with a concave part, and the electromagnetic inductionelement is located in the concave part, and the electromagneticinduction component is on the same plane with the two ends of thesupporting shaft far away from the battery pack; and/or, the supportingportion includes: a supporting shaft, the supporting shaft is pressed inthe supporting device; a shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve is rotatablysleeved on the supporting shaft; preferably, the electric vehiclefurther includes a chassis, and the battery holder is fixed on thechassis.